Housing Policy of the Governor of Bangkok
Among the 214 policies that the new Governor of Bangkok, Mr. Chatchart Sitthiphan, used as a selling point during his campaign and later instructed his officials to study and understand, there are several categories and topics. However, focusing specifically on those mentioned on the website related to real estate, there are six main topics:
(1) Creation of a database for affordable rental housing
(2) Support for housing development based on the concept of secure housing
(3) Study of the feasibility of establishing a Bangkok housing development fund
(4) Development of a housing strategic plan by the Office of Housing Development
(5) Establishing guidelines for the maintenance of infrastructure, villages, and old condominiums
(6) Comprehensive community database creation to provide basic welfare for citizens, with details as follows:
Creation of a database for affordable rental housing will involve surveying and compiling a database of affordable rental units in the city, in collaboration with district offices and relevant agencies, under the regulations that Bangkok is responsible for, such as building modifications, community database creation, and property tax mapping. The goal is to develop a database of affordable rental housing to provide information for low-income individuals and the homeless seeking affordable housing. It has been found that there are many affordable rental units in old buildings or within communities and alleys in urban areas, where homeless individuals or vulnerable groups with a sufficient income level may be able to afford daily living expenses for low-cost housing, such as monthly rentals of approximately 1,000-1,500 baht.
Support for housing development based on the concept of secure housing will promote housing development through collaborative problem-solving among communities, Bangkok, and relevant government sectors, dividing the work into land, savings, and state assistance dimensions.
In terms of land, detailed information will be collected on land parcels suitable for residential development, including private land that has not been developed, unused land, or underutilized public land, to identify potential areas. The study will explore how to adapt land parcels that cannot be developed for housing due to building control laws and urban planning to make them more suitable for residential development, through collaboration with relevant agencies or by utilizing powers from ministerial regulations regarding exemptions, relaxations, or conditions for compliance with building control laws for buildings in projects developed by the state for low-income individuals, allowing local administrative organizations to exempt or relax building control laws for housing development for low-income individuals.
In terms of savings, knowledge will be provided to communities about forming savings groups and establishing community savings cooperatives, which will lead to stable housing through community member participation in creating a mutual support savings system, enabling savings to be used as initial capital for housing development and to access state support mechanisms.
In terms of state assistance, efforts will be made to reduce living costs for citizens through support for various infrastructures, such as supporting childcare centers in communities to care for young children while parents work, reducing child-rearing expenses, promoting the quality of life for children in the community, supporting free education, providing food allowances for students, and increasing the time students can spend in schools under Bangkok's jurisdiction, enhancing the efficiency of public health service centers, and reducing transportation costs to hospitals.
It should be noted that the secure housing project already exists under the supervision of the Community Organization Development Institute, established to address housing issues for low-income individuals in both urban and rural areas through various forms of support.
Study of the feasibility of establishing a Bangkok housing development fund will examine the feasibility of operating the Bangkok housing development fund, reviewing existing tools or mechanisms for addressing stable housing issues. Since the Bangkok housing development fund was established under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Act since 1998, it is appropriate to study the feasibility of its operation to enhance opportunities for housing development.
The Office of Housing Development is a commercial agency of Bangkok, with a strategy to assist low-income individuals, including civil servants, employees, and citizens, by subsidizing housing-related businesses without competing with the private sector, but possibly through joint ventures with private entities, while coordinating cooperation with internal and external agencies related to citizens' housing.
Development of a housing strategic plan by the Office of Housing Development will have the Office of Housing Development create a strategic plan to increase housing development according to its mission under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Act regarding the Office of Housing Development, surveying the demand for various housing types, identifying target groups for housing needs, and coordinating with various central agencies involved in housing development to provide Bangkok residents with greater access to secure housing, while monitoring results in line with the strategic plan.
Establishing guidelines for the maintenance of infrastructure, villages, and old condominiums Bangkok has many housing projects that utilize the authority granted by the Revolutionary Council Announcement No. 286 (RCA 286) enforced in 1972, which has regulations for project development as a principle but has not enforced the establishment of legal entities. Later, when the Land Allocation Act was enacted in 2000, it required the establishment of legal entities and guarantees for public utilities in housing project areas.
With the establishment of legal entities, roads and utilities in housing project areas are managed by these entities. However, when these entities or private developers cease operations, the roads or utilities are not maintained. Additionally, some roads in housing projects are semi-public roads, meaning they can be freely accessed like public roads, but ownership still belongs to the legal entity of the housing project. In many housing projects, the legal entities have ceased operations, resulting in roads and utilities in those areas not being maintained, affecting residents in those areas. Bangkok has the authority to improve various types of areas, such as properties where the owners have consented to public use as if they were public property without restrictions for at least 10 years, properties where owners have expressed written intent to donate to Bangkok or designate as public property, properties where owners have allowed Bangkok to use, lease, or where owners have registered rights over the land or registered burdens, or properties of other government agencies. Bangkok will survey and compile a list of issues, manage ownership, leases, and announcements to enable legal action and maintain the basic factors of living, such as lighting, water supply, accessible roads, effective drainage for both flood and wastewater, waste collection, etc.
Comprehensive community database creation to provide basic welfare for citizens Currently, there are many community groups that cannot register with Bangkok due to certain issues, such as having fewer than one hundred households registered or needing consent from property owners to establish a community, resulting in many communities being outside the care system of Bangkok and not receiving support for infrastructure and essential living factors. Therefore, Bangkok will create a database for communities that currently do not meet the criteria to support the provision of basic welfare assistance to these communities, including support for early childhood development centers, infrastructure for water, electricity, roads, and other assistance in disaster situations, to help citizens create a basic quality of life that is suitable for everyone without leaving anyone behind.
In reality, in addition to these 6 policies directly related to housing, there are also many indirectly related policies in various areas, such as homelessness security, urban planning, public spaces, green spaces, etc.
The 214 policies, which were selected from the campaign website during the election, present a challenge for the Governor of Bangkok in carrying out his mission moving forward. Some policies have already been initiated by previous administrations, some have been concepts before but have not been fully implemented, and some are new initiatives in this era. All of these should receive support from the new governor to achieve success promptly.
